
As artificial intelligence becomes central to finance, healthcare, and public services, India is gradually shaping rules to govern its use. While existing digital and data protection laws offer partial oversight, the absence of a dedicated AI framework has raised concerns around accountability, bias, privacy, and long-term governance in an increasingly AI-driven society.

Recent judicial observations on regulating online content have reopened debate on the limits of free speech in the digital age. While concerns around misinformation are real, constitutional safeguards under Article 19 require that any restriction on expression—by the State or courts—remain narrow, lawful, and proportionate to protect democratic dissent and press freedom.